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仿生与生物启发膜 1

仿生矿化 1

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Learning from biological attachment devices: applications of bioinspired reversible adhesive methods

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0699-x

摘要： Many organisms have attachment organs with excellent functions, such as adhesion, clinging, and grasping, as a result of biological evolution to adapt to complex living environments. From nanoscale to macroscale, each type of adhesive organ has its own underlying mechanisms. Many biological adhesive mechanisms have been studied and can be incorporated into robot designs. This paper presents a systematic review of reversible biological adhesive methods and the bioinspired attachment devices that can be used in robotics. The study discussed how biological adhesive methods, such as dry adhesion, wet adhesion, mechanical adhesion, and sub-ambient pressure adhesion, progress in research. The morphology of typical adhesive organs, as well as the corresponding attachment models, is highlighted. The current state of bioinspired attachment device design and fabrication is discussed. Then, the design principles of attachment devices are summarized in this article. The following section provides a systematic overview of climbing robots with bioinspired attachment devices. Finally, the current challenges and opportunities in bioinspired attachment research in robotics are discussed.

关键词： adhesion bioinspired attachment biomimetic gripper climbing robot

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Bioinspired C/TiO

Jian LI, Likun GAO, Wentao GAN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第4期页码 459-464 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017178

摘要： butterfly wings were replicated by a sol-gel method and a calcination process, which could take advantage of the spatial features of the wing to enhance their photocatalytic properties. Hierarchical structures of -carbon-TiO (PP-C-TiO ) were confirmed by SEM observations. By applying the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method, it was concluded that in the presence of wings the product shows higher surface area with respect to the pure TiO made in the absence of the wings. The higher specific surface area is also beneficial for the improvement of photocatalytic property. Furthermore, the conduction and valence bands of the PP-C-TiO are more negative than the corresponding bands of pure TiO , allowing the electrons to migrate from the valence band to the conduction band upon absorbing visible light. That is, the presence of C originating from wings in the PP-C-TiO could extend the photoresponsiveness to visible light. This strategy provides a simple method to fabricate a high-performance photocatalyst, which enables the simultaneous control of the morphology and carbon element doping.

关键词： bioinspired butterfly wings C/TiO₂ photocatalyst visible light

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Bioinspired cellulose-based membranes in oily wastewater treatment

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1515-2

摘要：

• Cellulose-based membrane separates oily wastewater mimicking the living things.

关键词： Cellulose Bioinspired membrane Superhydrophobic surface Underwater superoleophobic surface Oil-water separation

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Matrix attachment regions included in a bicistronic vector enhances and stabilizes follistatin gene expressions

Xiaoming HU,Jing GUO,Chunling BAI,Zhuying WEI,Li GAO,Tingmao HU,Shorgan BOU,Guangpeng LI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第1期页码 87-96 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016087

摘要： In the present study, follistatin ( ) gene expression vectors with either a bicistronic gene transfer cassette alone, or a bicistron gene cassette carrying a matrix attachment region (MAR) were constructed and transfected to bovine fetal fibroblasts. Evaluations of both the integration and expression of exogenous indicated that the pMAR-CAG-FST-IRES-AcGFP1-polyA-MAR (pMAR-FST) vector had higher capacity to form monoclonal transgenic cells than the vector without MAR, though transient transfection and integration efficiency were similar with either construct. Remarkably, protein expression in transgenic cells with the pMAR-FST vector was significantly higher than that from the bicistronic vector. Exogenous was expressed in all of the pMAR-FST transgenic mice at F , F and F . Total muscle growth in F mice was significantly greater than in wild-type mice, with larger muscles in fore and hind limbs of transgenic mice. pMAR-FST transgenic mice were also found with more evenly distributed muscle bundles and thinner spaces between sarcolemma, which suggests a correlation between transgene expression-associated muscle development and the trend of muscle growth. In conclusion, a pMAR-FST vector, which excluded the resistant genes and frame structure, enhances and stabilizes gene expressions in both transfected cells and transgenic mice.

关键词： safety of transgenic bicistron gene transfer body transgenic mice muscle development

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Bioinspired and biomimetic membranes for water purification and chemical separation: A review

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1412-8

摘要：

•The history of biological and artificial water channels is reviewed.

关键词： Aquaporins Artificial water channels Biomimetic membranes Chemical separation and water purification

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仿生与生物启发膜的研究进展

彭冬冬,贺明睿,杨昊,张蓓,高博鑫,范琳,丁鹤,南延虎,潘福生,苏延磊,吴洪,姜忠义

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第12期页码 102-112

摘要：

仿生与生物启发的思想和策略在众多基础与工程科学领域取得了重要进展。研究者们通过借鉴和模仿自然界中生物材料多样的组成、精巧的结构、温和的形成过程以及强大的功能，设计制备了多种高性能膜材料，并将其应用于水处理、气体分离、有机小分子液体混合物分离等领域，显示出良好的应用前景。仿生和生物启发膜主要是以细胞膜、荷叶和贻贝等为仿生原型，以生物矿化、生物黏合和自组装等为工具，以绿色、高效、节能为目标，在资源、能源高效利用和可持续发展等方面会发挥越来越大的作用，并逐步发展成为膜和膜过程领域的重要分支。本文将对仿生和生物启发膜的研究进展进行简要总结，重点介绍抗污染膜、杂化膜和复合膜的制备与应用。

关键词：仿生与生物启发膜膜和膜过程表面偏析仿生矿化仿生黏合

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Transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs)-associated protobiofilm: A neglected contributor to biofouling during membrane filtration

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1361-7

摘要：

• Bacteria could easily and quickly attached onto TEP to form protobiofilms.

关键词： Transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs) TEP-protobiofilm Bacteria attachment Biofouling of membrane

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适应性贴附通风——负压呼吸性传染病隔离病房有效性的比较研究 Article

张莹, 韩欧, 李安桂, 侯立安, Thomas Olofsson, 张林华, 雷文君

《工程（英文）》 2022年第8卷第1期页码 130-137 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.10.020

摘要：

新型冠状病毒的传播给隔离病房的室内环境控制提出了挑战。科学的气流组织设计和运行管理是保证医护人员环境安全的关键。本文提出了适应性贴附通风在隔离病房的应用，并从污染物扩散、去除效率、热舒适性和运行费用等方面对这种送风方式进行了评估。适应性贴附通风将新鲜空气直接、较好地供应至医护人员工作区。与顶送风或侧壁上送风相比，在相同的污染物释放率和房间换气次数（ACH; 10 h^-1）条件下，适应性贴附通风的污染物平均浓度降低了15% ~ 47%。理想的混合通风的污染物去除效率不能超过1.0。对于适应性贴附通风，污染物去除效率是换气次数的指数函数。与顶送风模式或侧壁上送风模式相比，适应性贴附通风可实现相似的热舒适水平[预测平均评价（PMV）为-0.1~0.4；吹风感为2.5%~6.7%]，且以较低的换气次数和能耗获得相似去除污染物的性能。

关键词：通风效率换气率 COVID-19 贴附通风气流组织隔离病房

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Role of salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) in chronic periodontitis diagnosis

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第1期页码 72-76 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0347-x

摘要：

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the periodontium. Any imbalance between the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) secreted by neutrophils and tissue inhibitors initiates the destruction of collagen in gum tissue, leading to chronic periodontitis. This study aimed to correlate salivary levels of MMP-8 and periodontal parameters of chronic periodontitis to establish MMP-8 as a noninvasive marker for the early diagnosis of chronic periodontitis. The study involved 40 subjects visiting the periodontic OPD of Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College and Hospital, located in Aligarh, U.P., India, from 2011 to 2012. The subjects were divided into two groups: group I consisted of 20 periodontally healthy subjects (controls) while group II consisted of 20 patients with chronic periodontitis. Chronic periodontitis was assessed on the basis of several periodontal parameters, including pocket probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI). Around 3 ml of unstimulated and whole expectorated saliva was collected for MMP-8 estimation by ELISA using Quantikine human total MMP-8 immunoassay kits. Data were analyzed using STATISTICA (Windows version 6) software. Salivary MMP-8 levels of groups I and II were 190.91±143.89 ng/ml and 348.26±202.1 ng/ml, respectively. The MMP-8 levels and periodontal status (PPD, CAL, GI, and PI) of groups I and II showed positive and significant correlations (for PPD, r = 0.63, P<0.001; for CAL, r = 0.54, P<0.001; for GI, r = 0.49, P<0.001; and for PI, r = 0.63, P<0.001). The results of this study demonstrate elevated concentrations of MMP-8 in individuals with chronic periodontitis.

关键词： matrix metalloproteinase-8 chronic periodontitis pocket probing depth clinical attachment level gingival index plaque index

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源于自然的纺丝——高性能生物基纤维的工程化制备及应用 Review

许宗溥, 吴明瑞, 叶琦, 陈东, 刘凯, 柏浩

《工程（英文）》 2022年第14卷第7期页码 100-112 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.06.030

摘要：

许多天然纤维具有轻质、高强、高韧的特点，其性能优势源于从分子到宏观尺度的多级结构。生产这些纤维的纺丝系统也非常高效，它们为研究人员利用人工纺丝制备高性能生物基纤维提供了诸多灵感。除了优异的力学性能，生物基纤维还被赋予一系列新功能，从而拓展了其在智能织物、电子传感、生物医学等领域的应用。本文概述了近年来生物基纤维的研究进展，详细讨论了不同的仿生纺丝方法、纤维的力学增强策略、纤维的多元化应用。同时，提出了重现天然纺丝系统及认识其动态纺丝过程中的挑战，并展望了生物基纤维的未来发展。

关键词：生物基纤维多级结构仿生纺丝力学增强策略纤维应用